10 Bizarre and Unexpected Canadian Laws That Will Leave You Surprised
You’ve Heard of Canadian Kindness—But What About Canada’s Strangest Laws?
From outlawing duels to regulating snowman height, Canada’s legal system holds more than a few quirky surprises. While many of its rules reflect progressive values and practical governance, some laws—both historical and current—seem pulled straight from a satire.
As Canadians mark Canada Day with pride and celebration, it’s also a good moment to explore the lesser-known, eyebrow-raising laws that reveal the country’s more peculiar side. Here are 10 strange and fascinating laws that have shaped Canadian life in ways you wouldn’t expect.
1. It Was Once a Crime to Scare the Queen
Until 2018, the Criminal Code of Canada included an offence for “alarming Her Majesty.” Intentionally frightening the Queen was treated as a serious criminal act, punishable by up to 14 years in prison.
This law likely stemmed from old British traditions of royal protection and was linked to the Treason Act. A famous origin story includes a British man allegedly pointing an unloaded gun at Queen Elizabeth II—prompting Canada to reinforce such prohibitions domestically.
2. Paying in Coins? Not So Fast
Trying to pay your entire grocery bill in coins? Not all of them may be accepted. Under Canada’s Currency Act of 1985, there are limits on the number of coins you can legally use in a single transaction.
For instance, you can’t pay with more than:
- $5 in nickels
- $25 in loonies
- $40 in toonies
Even with pennies now discontinued (production stopped in 2012), merchants are still not required to accept more than 25 cents in pennies during any sale.
3. Challenging Someone to a Duel Could Land You in Jail
For centuries, the honourable duel was a method of settling disputes. But Canada took a firm stance against it—well into the 21st century.
Until it was repealed in 2018, issuing or accepting a duel challenge was a criminal offence punishable by up to two years in prison. The law applied to all parts of the dueling process, from provocation to participation, and was designed to prevent violence under the guise of honour.
4. Alberta’s Pet Ban on Rats Is No Joke
Alberta remains one of the few rat-free regions in the world, thanks to strict laws banning the ownership or harbouring of rats.
Since 1950, under the Agricultural Pests Act, anyone caught possessing even a single rat as a pet can be fined up to $5,000. The law reflects Alberta’s long-standing commitment to protecting agriculture and public health—and is enforced seriously to this day.
5. Snow Sculptures Have a Height Limit in This Town
In Souris, Prince Edward Island, a small-town bylaw forbids residents on corner lots from building snow sculptures taller than 30 inches.
Why? To avoid obstructing drivers’ views and creating safety hazards at intersections. The rule applies to all snow creations, from whimsical snowmen to elaborate snow forts. While rarely enforced, it’s still officially on the books.
6. Toronto Residents: No More Than Two Garage Sales Per Year
Live in Toronto? You can’t host unlimited garage sales. City bylaws restrict residents to only two garage sales per year, each lasting no longer than two consecutive days.
Any more than that, and you risk a fine of up to $5,000. All signage must be removed promptly once the sale ends, reflecting the city’s push to stop homeowners from using garage sales as unregulated business outlets.
7. Taxi Drivers Must Dress for the Job in Halifax
In Halifax, Nova Scotia, driving a taxi comes with a dress code—literally. Taxi drivers must wear “neat and tidy” attire that includes a collared shirt or blouse with sleeves, ankle-length pants or skirts, and shorts that fall no more than three inches above the knee.
T-shirts are strictly forbidden, and violations can result in penalties or suspensions. The aim is to maintain professional standards in public-facing jobs.
8. Butter Battles: Why Yellow Margarine Was Once Illegal
Quebec once had one of the oddest food laws in Canada—it banned yellow or butter-coloured margarine until 2008.
Why? To protect the local dairy industry from competition and avoid consumer confusion. All margarine sold had to be white or colourless. Even minor violations led to product seizures by inspectors, and the law stood firm for decades.
9. No Dogsleds on the Sidewalk in Hay River
In Hay River, Northwest Territories, residents are reminded that sidewalks are off-limits for dogsledding. While sled dogs are still a respected form of transport and tradition, using sidewalks poses serious safety risks in town.
Penalties for first-time offenders range from $75 to $150, depending on the nature and location of the infraction.
10. Climbing Trees Is Illegal in Oshawa—Yes, Really
Oshawa, Ontario, has strict municipal rules about protecting its trees. Under city law, climbing a tree on public property is a fineable offence.
The regulation forbids attaching or placing anything on trees, damaging bark, or climbing for recreational purposes. If caught, first-time violators can be fined $250. The rule is meant to preserve tree health and public safety.
Conclusion:
Canada may be known for universal healthcare, world-class cities, and polite citizens—but its laws can be just as fascinating as its culture. Whether quirky remnants of the past or unusual efforts to regulate life today, these strange Canadian laws prove that the legal system has a few secrets worth knowing.
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